In its native range it causes little damage, but in china it is a destructive pest and has killed more than six million pine trees. May 19, 2015 dendroctonus valens leconte was introduced from north america to china and has killed millions of healthy pines there. Management strategies for bark beetles in conifer forests. Dendroctonus valens, invasive species, invasiveness, ipm, leptographium, pines abstract the red turpentine beetle rtb, dendroctonusvalensleconte coleoptera. Dendroctonus valens european and mediterranean plant. The oleoresin from these trees frequently contains 3. Abstractthe attraction of the red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens. Traditional pheromonebased rtb monitoring depends on a manual count, which is not only time consuming but also errorprone. The goods coverage index values were greater than 97% in all locations of both bark beetles table1.
The pheromone frontalin and its dual function in the invasive bark beetle dendroctonus valens. It has been introduced to china where it has become invasive. Scolytinae, colonizes all pines species within its native range throughout north and central america. Chiral monoterpenes were tested using the natural blend of enantiomers found in. The response of the introduced red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte.
Rapid detection of red turpentine beetle dendroctonus. This insect was designated as the type species of the genus dendroctonus, when erichson described the genus in. Red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte coleoptera. Manual control, such as felling and digging out dying or recently dead trees. We deployed an attractant semiochemical blend as a challenge to the two. World distribution of dendroctonus valens dencva eppo global database. The genus includes some of the largest specimens of north american scolytinae. Dendroctonus valens, introduced to china from north america, has caused catastrophic mortality of healthy pines and has the potential to disperse into new geographic ranges.
It has since established itself vast tracts of ecologically and economically valuable pine forest in northern china, threatening reforestation and forest protection programmes in the country. Typically the beetle attacks trees weakened by drought, old age, overstocking, wind damage, fire or disease. Entomopathogenic fungi, such as beauveria bassiana, have shown great potential for the management of some bark beetle species. Plant quarantine is an important method to hinder the invasion of this species. Recent studies reported that gut microbiota of insects can suppress. In 1999, it was found in hebei province and by 2003 this bark beetle had spread to 85 counties in 3 provinces of northern china covering an area of more than 700 000 ha causing damage to. Dendroctonus genus of small bark beetles destructive especially to mature conifers genus dendroctonus arthropod genus a genus of arthropods. Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of dendroctonus valens to nonhost volatiles longwa z a,b, nancy e. The red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte, is a common pest of forest, shade and park trees of pole size or larger. Dendroctonus valens, invasive species, invasiveness, ipm, leptographium. This page was last edited on 20 december 2019, at 09. Ny forest owner nyfoa 18008363566 info 28 dendroctonus valens. Gut bacterial communities of dendroctonus valens and. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page.
Chapter 14 management strategies for bark beetles in conifer forests christopher j. Evaluation of beauveria bassiana hyphomycetes isolates. Gut microbiota in an invasive bark beetle infected by a. Dendroctonus bark beetles are a worldwide significant pest of conifers. Acoustic signalling in the destructive bark beetle genus dendroctonus curculionidae. The 12 genera included in this chapter are arguably not as economically or ecologically important as north american ips and dendroctonus.
Pdf the red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte, is one of the. A newcomer that is gaining notoriety as a threat to the christmas tree business is the introduced pine shoot beetle, tomicus piniperda. Dendroctonus valens, considered a secondary bark beetle in its native, north america, has caused unprecedented tree mortality in china. Dendroctonus synonyms, dendroctonus pronunciation, dendroctonus translation, english dictionary definition of dendroctonus. Southern pine beetle, dendroctonus frontalis coleoptera. A new species of bark beetle, dendroctonus mesoamericanus. The western pine beetle wpb is a bark beetle which attacks and kills 6. Recently, this species was accidentally introduced to china, where it has caused severe damage in pine forests.
The red turpentine beetle rtb, dendroctonus valens leconte coleoptera. Red turpentine beetle dendroctonus valens is the largest and most widely distributed bark beetle in north america. Both biotic and abiotic factors can influence species composition and structure of the insect gut bacterial communities. Wherever host species are found in idaho and montana. Antennal transcriptome analysis of odorant reception genes. Pdf the pheromone frontalin and its dual function in the.
Draft genome of the mountain pine beetle, dendroctonus. Attacks from this beetle are distinguished by the large pitch tubes they elicit from trees, and granular frass left at the base of trees that resembles grapenuts. Although considered a minor pest in its native range, more than 10 million chinese red pine pinus tabuliformis cession carr. Outbreaks and tree mortality attributed to rtb alone are rare in its native range. Dendroctonus valens and hylastes porculus dendroctonus valens and hylastes porculus could vector their commonly associated fungi to red pine. We compared the antennae of two sibling bark beetle species, dendroctonus rhizophagus thomas and bright and dendroctonus valens leconte, to identify biologically and taxonomically relevant. Bacterial community and nitrogen fixation in the red. Pdf bacterial community and nitrogen fixation in the red. Abstract the red turpentine beetle rtb, dendroctonus valens leconte, as a destructive invasive pest, has become one of the most economically important forest pest in china. Black turpentine beetle, dendroctonus terebrans olivier insecta.
Product codename description p222lure beetleblock mch repellent for dendroctonus pseudotsugae p223lure beetleblock glv repellent for dendroctonus ponderosae dendroctonus brevicomis p150 beetleblock verbenone repellent for dendroctonus ponderosae dendroctonus brevicomis dendroctonus valens dendroctonus frontalis ips pini ips perturbatus. We use pyrosequencing to characterize the gut bacterial. Attraction of red turpentine beetle and other scolytinae. To overcome host pine defenses, beetles massattack the pine to a threshold density that can exhaust. Dendroctonus definition of dendroctonus by the free dictionary.
While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. The invasive red turpentine beetle rtb, dendroctonus valens. A new species of bark beetle, dendroctonus mesoamericanus sp. These genera have received less funding and research attention, and as a consequence natural history and phylogenetic knowledge is minimal. Trapping with semiochemicals and pheromones was deployed in d. Nitrogenfixing and uricolytic bacteria associated with. The entomopathogen beauveria bassiana is an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical pesticides, and it is highly lethal to d. Report prepared for usda forest service international programs. It includes several species notorious for destroying trees in. A newcomer that is gaining notoriety as a threat to the christmas tree business is the introduced. A field guide to diseases and insect pests of northern and central rocky mountain conifers. The response of dendroctonus vaens and temnochila chlorodia. Red turpentine beetle dendroctonus valens nevada division. This insect was designated as the type species of the genus dendroctonus, when erichson described the genus in 1836.
Dendroctonus valens, the red turpentine beetle, is a species of bark beetle native to the forests of north america, mexico, guatemala and honduras. Ophiostomatoid fungi associated with the invasive pine. Western pine beetle dendroctonus brevicomis nevada. Jun 20, 2009 the red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte coleoptera. Dendroctonus erichson is a relatively small genus 19 described species, but one with a disproportionately large impact on coniferous forests. This is the largest bark beetle species in the southeastern us. In addition, investigations are underway on the use of the predator rhizophagus grandis for biological control.
Annals of the entomological society of america 12 p. In asia, the red turpentine beetle dendroctonus valens leconte, an exotic invasive introduced from north america, has caused significant levels of tree mortalitysince beingdetectedinchinain 1998yan et al. Bacterial community and nitrogen fixation in the red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte coleoptera. Scolytidae, originating from north america was introduced into china counties of yangcheng and xinshui shanxi province in the early 1980s. Dendroctonus valens dencvaoverview eppo global database. The pheromone frontalin and its dual function in the invasive. It includes several species notorious for destroying trees in the forests of north america. Pinene and myrcene induce ultrastructural changes in the. It attacks all species of pines in the state, though is rarely a significant pest of any of them. The head is convex in front and has clubbed antennae.
Gutassociated bacteria of dendroctonus valens and their. The outbreak has in part been driven by climate change, and will contribute to increased. Borys chemical ecology and management of western forest insects, pacific southwest research station, usda forest service, davis. In california, coulter pine is also attacked by this aggressive beetle. Timber imports into china in the 1980s probably translocated the north american pest dendroctonus valens red turpentine beetle into the country. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Abstractthe introduced red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte, is. Black turpentine beetle, dendroctonus terebrans olivier.
Dendroctonus bark beetle genera of the united states. Dendroctonus valens was introduced into china in the early 1980s, where it aggressively kills pine species native to china 3032. Red turpentine beetle dendroctonus valens leconte is a non. Late season response of dendroctonus valens and nontarget insects to traps baited with host kairomones, with and without verbenone bubblecaps or microencapsulated verbenone treatment d. Bark beetle, dendroctonus valens, exotic pest, outbreak, pinus tabuliformis, sclytidae. Physiological and chemical ecology interruption of. Its name is particularly apt dendro tree, tonus destroyer for a group that contains most of the major coniferkilling bark beetles in the world. G c, jianghua s a a state key laboratory of integrated management of pest insects and rodents, instituteof zoology, the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 80, pr china. Gut bacterial communities of dendroctonus valens and d.
Pdf an exotic invasive pest of pines, the red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus. Insects harbor a community of gut bacteria, ranging from pathogenic to obligate mutualistic organisms. Based on relationship between bark beetles and monoterpenes of their host trees and the midgut morphological characterization performed previously, we studied the effects of. This genus comprises 20 species found in north and central america, and eurasia. Species of ips pronounces as hips without the h are most often associated with severely stressed standing trees, trees that.
In order to distinguish rtb from the other four closely related bark beetles, scolytus schevyrewi semenov. The rearing of rhizophagus grandis and its release against dendroctonus micans in the united kingdom. The bark beetles new york state department of environmental. It belongs to a group of beetles that spend most of their lives between the tree bark and sapwood. It attacks all species of pine within its range and occasionally spruce and larch. Several species of ophiostomatoid fungi are associated with the beetle in north america, but little research has been done on the fungi associated with this invasive. Dendroctonus definition is a genus of small bark beetles that are especially destructive to mature coniferous trees and that have a large prothorax, short clubbed elbowed antennae, serrated tibiae, and spiny elytra. Dendroctonus definition of dendroctonus by merriamwebster. Scolytinae, in southern mexico and central america. Chiral specificity in responses by the bark beetle utah state.
The mountain pine beetle, dendroctonus ponderosae hopkins, is the most serious insect pest of western north american pine forests. Aug 31, 2004 selected images from view all images click on each thumbnail to download a powerpointscreen image at 768x512 resolution. The southern pine beetle spb, dendroctonus frontalis zimmermann, is the most destructive insect pest of pine in the southern united states. In north america, species of the genus dendroctonus can be distinguished from the introduced tomicina, hylurgus latreille and tomicus latreille, and the native xylechinus chapuis, by the anterior margin of their compound eye. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. The red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte eaton and lara 1967, smith 1961, occurs in practically all pine forests of the united states and canada except in the southeastern and gulf states. Consultation on the red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens, in shanxi province, pr china, july 17, 2001. Monoterpene variation mediated attack preference evolution of the. Bark beetles in the genus dendroctonus b 379 setae equipped with projections pointed backward to the base, or away from the point that cause them to remain imbedded once contact with them is made. Dendroctonus valens dencvaworld distribution eppo global. Scolytidae, is a common pest of pines in its native range in north and central america eaton and lara 1967. This question was originally answered on quora by suzanne sadedin. Pdf comparative study of the antennae of dendroctonus.
Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. Dendroctonus valens is a destructive forest pest in china. The red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens coleoptera. Scolytinae, is a secondary pest of pines in its native range in north and central america.
Timber imports into china in the 1980s probably translocated the north american pest dendroctonus valens red turpentine beetle into the. Pdf insect parasites in multicomponent systems and. Several studies have documented the microbiota associated with these bark beetles, but little is known regarding how the gut bacterial communities change across host range distribution. Our results suggest that the gut bacteria of these bark beetles could contribute to insect n balance. It is native to north america and was accidentally introduced into china in the 1980s presumably on unprocessed logs imported from the western united states. The response of dendroctonus vaens and temnochila chlorodia to ips paraconfusus pheromone components and verbenone christopher j.
Rtb was introduced into china in the early 1980s and spread rapidly from shanxi province to four adjacent provinces. Information and translations of dendroctonus in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. It is considered to be a secondary pest and is often associated with more aggressive bark beetle species. The red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte coleoptera. Can infest any pine species and is infrequently found in other conifers. Dendroctonus micans in britain its biology and control. Red turpentine beetle dendroctonus valens the red turpentine beetle rtb is a member of the bark beetle family found in pine forests throughout nevada. Also, this is the first report about the uric acid content in whole eggs, larvae, and adults male and female samples of the red turpentine beetle dendroctonus valens. Dec 23, 2016 could two species merge into one species through convergent evolution.
A recent outbreak destroyed more than 15 million hectares of pine forests, with major environmental effects on forest health, and economic effects on the forest industry. Pdf the red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte. The introduced red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte, is one of the most economically important forest pests in the peoples republic of china, having killed more than 6 million pines. Dendroctonus frontalis and several other species of dendroctonus and ips bark beetles have been found to produce 2phenylethanol in small amounts renwick et al. Automatic intrap pest detection using deep learning for. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis.
The red turpentine beetle, dendroctonus valens leconte. Analysis by gas chromatographmass spectrometer of volatiles collected from live beetles. Presumably they function in defense, especially against vertebrate predators. Dendroctonus valens leconte, the red turpentine beetle rtb is an invasive pest which is severely threatening pine species in china. Effects of symbiotic bacteria and tree chemistry on the. Pdf stable and dynamic interactions among plants, herbivorous insects, parasites and associated microbes are formed in natural habitats.
The species dendroctonus valens leconte has been recently introduced to asia cabi, 2016b. Scolytinae 2 description adults are cylindrical, dark reddishbrown to black, and 5 to 8 mm in length. Acoustic signalling in the destructive bark beetle genus. This page was last edited on 16 january 2020, at 02. The role of dendroctonus valens and its vectored fungi in the mortality of ponderosa pine. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Proceedings of the eec seminar on the biological control of bark beetles dendroctonus micans, brussels, belgium, 8797.
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